Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
31916 => 3 1 9 1 6
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
3 to 1 = 2
1 to 9 = 8
9 to 1 = 8
1 to 6 = 5
6 to 3 = 3
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
2 8 8 5 3 = 28853