Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
41202 => 4 1 2 0 2
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
4 to 1 = 3
1 to 2 = 1
2 to 0 = 2
0 to 2 = 2
2 to 4 = 2
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
3 1 2 2 2 = 31222