Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
31480 => 3 1 4 8 0
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
3 to 1 = 2
1 to 4 = 3
4 to 8 = 4
8 to 0 = 8
0 to 3 = 3
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
2 3 4 8 3 = 23483