Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
40564 => 4 0 5 6 4
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
4 to 0 = 4
0 to 5 = 5
5 to 6 = 1
6 to 4 = 2
4 to 4 = 0
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
4 5 1 2 0 = 45120