Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
54677 => 5 4 6 7 7
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
5 to 4 = 1
4 to 6 = 2
6 to 7 = 1
7 to 7 = 0
7 to 5 = 2
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
1 2 1 0 2 = 12102