Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
8031 => 8 0 3 1
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
8 to 0 = 8
0 to 3 = 3
3 to 1 = 2
1 to 8 = 7
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
8 3 2 7 = 8327